EMS Peculiar Patient Presentations - Angioedema

Angioedema is a condition characterized by localized swelling, typically involving the face, lips, tongue, throat, or extremities. It occurs due to the rapid swelling of the deeper layers of the skin and underlying tissues. In some cases, it can be accompanied by hives or itching.

In the prehospital setting, EMS Providers should be aware of the following key points regarding angioedema:

1. Airway Management: Angioedema can cause swelling of the airway, potentially leading to respiratory distress or obstruction. EMS providers should closely monitor the patient's airway and be prepared to intervene with advanced airway management techniques if necessary.

2. Assessment: A thorough assessment should be conducted to determine the severity of angioedema and any associated symptoms. This includes evaluating the patient's breathing, vital signs, and level of distress.

3. Allergies and Medical History: It is important to gather information about the patient's medical history, including any known allergies or previous episodes of angioedema. This information can help in identifying potential triggers and guiding treatment decisions.

4. Treatment: The primary goal of treatment is to maintain a patent airway and alleviate symptoms. Depending on the severity and underlying cause, interventions may include administering oxygen, providing nebulized bronchodilators, administering epinephrine, or initiating intravenous access for medications such as antihistamines or corticosteroids.

5. Transport: Patients with angioedema should be transported to a medical facility for further evaluation and management. Ongoing monitoring of the patient's airway and vital signs during transport is crucial.

Remember, angioedema can have various causes, including allergic reactions, medications, hereditary factors, or other underlying medical conditions. Prompt recognition and appropriate management by EMS providers can help ensure the best possible outcome for the patient.

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